Blake Houldsworth
Dr. Orozco
Hist 121
4 October, 2018
Chap 10: The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power
Through the high middle ages of Europe, many kingdoms we know as countries today began
to appear. The economy began to revert to currency, common law through a land was more
prevalent, and the kings were replacing the lords to take out the middle man in fief holding
systems. This reversal and replacement of fiefs came from many different things such as a more
centralized power and a new threat from the east, the ruthless Mongols. In this time the church
needed some serious reforming, a lot of the reforms were based off of the Clunic method and its
enthusiasm in solely religious activities and strictness, which also went along with Cistercian
Monasteries. A controversy that came about these reforms however was the Investiture
Muslims and Jews. They were usually bloody, but considered Holy wars