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Food has been one of man’s foremost biological needs and obtaining food has always
been his top priority. It the transition was truly more a process than an event. The
transition marks is a sharp contrast between the two phases of man’s history.
Before and after the beginning of agriculture, these phases are two completely
different pictures of man’s relation with nature. Prior to the transition humans were
part of the natural world but later he began to get control over his environment.
Food Gathering
Man has in all circumstances tried to adapt his environments. He has always
managed to procure food from the surrounding resources and developed an
adequate knowledge on the resources as well as the technical skill to exploit them
for survival. There were three mode of food procuring: hunting, fishing and plant
gathering.
Food production and its consequence
The food production is the phase in man’s past when he brought certain changes in
the mode of his subsistence by moving gradually away from his long practiced
hunting and gathering behavior. This shift did not take place at the same time
everywhere. Mesopotamia, west Asia, and Southeast Asia are considered as the
main centers where this transition took place.
