Basics of Research Methods for Criminal Justice and Criminology 3rd Edition

An indicator of the dimension "victim harm" is _____. a. economic gain b. gender of victim c. physical injury d. location of injury Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C The word ethical means: a. conforming to the standards of conduct of a given profession or group b. conforming to the standards of conduct of religion c. conforming to the norms or

Cross-sectional studies are those based on observations made at one time. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T Construct validity is concerned with the ability to generalize from the results of the experimental group to the control group. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T The visible, objective

What are the two major types of applied research? a. evaluate specific programs and policy analysis b. evaluate criminal behaviors and policy analysis c. evaluate specific programs and policy setting d. evaluate criminal behaviors and policy setting Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A Which of the following is most accurate? a. Experiments can be used only in scientific inquiry. b.

Which of the following would be an example of the data coming from the Census Bureau that have criminal justice applications? a. Court records of Children in Custody b. Self Report Survey data c. Survey of Inmates in Local Jails d. Survey of all Criminal Justice Professors Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C When information is gathered by

Construct validity refers to _____. a. a comparison of measures to some external criterion b. an empirical measure that may or may not agree with our common understanding of a particular concept c. the degree to which a measure covers the range of meanings included within the concepts d. the basis of logical relationships

Statistics that summarize data in manageable forms are known as _________________ statistics. Answer: descriptive Answer: descriptive Answer: descriptive Sampling is often used when it is not possible to collect information from all persons you want to study and when it is not necessary to collect information from all persons. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T The relationship between

Which type of questions should be avoided on a questionnaire? a. short items b. contingency questions c. ambiguous questions d. matrix questions Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C Which of the following would be an example of content analysis in criminal justice research? a. counting the stories devoted to the coverage of crime in your local newspaper b. counting the

The Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics is the most comprehensive Bureau of Justice Statistics publication. It includes a multitude of data including all of the following except _____. a. characteristics of criminal justice agencies b. public opinion answers coming from the Gallup Poll c. complete crime data from all local police departments d. specific

An interview with victims of domestic violence designed to measure their reluctance to report their victimization to the police may result in _____. a. physical harm b. psychological harm c. no harm at all d. the police coming to arrest the abuser Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A External validity in an experimental design refers to _____. a. the

The final stage of the research process is _____. a. interpretation b. literature review c. analysis d. application Answer: D Answer: D Answer: D The term "questionnaire" suggests a collection of _____. a. statements b. concepts c. conclusions d. ideas Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A When a supervisor for a survey telephones a subset of the respondents to verify certain information, it is an example

After careful study of the relationship between the economy and arson, the conclusion was drawn that when the economy is poor and unemployment is high, the arson rates go up. The researcher concluded that unemployed people are more likely to commit arson than are those who are employed. What error was

The age of an offender is an example of which level of measurement? a. interval b. nominal c. ratio d. ordinal Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C Case flow represents the process through which subjects are accumulated in which two kinds of groups? a. experimental and control b. deductive and inductive c. equivalent and nonequivalent d. voluntary and involuntary Answer: B Answer: B Answer: B Randomized

Content analysis involves the systematic study of agency records. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Deception of subjects is never appropriate. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Traditional beliefs about patrol effectiveness, response time and detective work are examples of _________________. Answer: agreement reality Answer: agreement reality Answer: agreement reality One technique borrowed from market research is the ______________ which uses somewhere