Answer at the bottom of the page

9.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) The basis of the VSEPR model of molecular bonding is __________.

A) regions of electron density on an atom will organize themselves so as to maximize s-character

B) regions of electron density in the valence shell of an atom will arrange themselves so as to maximize overlap

C) atomic orbitals of the bonding atoms must overlap for a bond to form

D) electron domains in the valence shell of an atom will arrange themselves so as to minimize repulsions

E) hybrid orbitals will form as necessary to, as closely as possible, achieve spherical symmetry

2) ClF3 has “T-shaped” geometry. There are __________ non-bonding domains in this molecule.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 4

3) The electron domain and molecular geometry of BrO2- is __________.

A) tetrahedral, trigonal planar

B) trigonal planar, trigonal planar

C) trigonal pyramidal, linear

D) tetrahedral, bent

E) trigonal pyramidal, seesaw

4) In counting the electron domains around the central atom in VSEPR theory, a __________ is not included.

A) nonbonding pair of electrons

B) single covalent bond

C) core level electron pair

D) double covalent bond

E) triple covalent bond

5) The electron-domain geometry of __________ is tetrahedral.

A) CBr4

B) PH3

C) CCl2Br2

D) XeF4

E) all of the above except XeF4

6) The O-C-O bond angle in the CO32- ion is approximately __________.

A) 90°

B) 109.5°

C) 120°

D) 180°

E) 60°

7) Of the following species, __________ will have bond angles of 120°.

A) PH3

B) ClF3

C) NCl3

D) BCl3

E) All of these will have bond angles of 120°.

8) The molecular geometry of the BrO3- ion is __________.

A) trigonal pyramidal

B) trigonal planar

C) bent

D) tetrahedral

E) T-shaped

9) The molecular geometry of the left-most carbon atom in the molecule below is __________.

A) trigonal planar

B) trigonal bipyramidal

C) tetrahedral

D) octahedral

E) T-shaped

10) The molecular geometry of the right-most carbon in the molecule below is __________.

A) trigonal planar

B) trigonal bipyramidal

C) tetrahedral

D) octahedral

E) T-shaped

11) The bond angles marked a, b, and c in the molecule below are about __________, __________, and __________, respectively.

A) 90°, 90°, 90°

B) 120°, 120°, 90°

C) 120°, 120°, 109.5°

D) 109.5°, 120°, 109.5°

E) 109.5°, 90°, 120°

12) The bond angles marked a, b, and c in the molecule below are about __________, __________, and __________, respectively.

A) 109.5°, 109.5°, 109.5°

B) 120°, 109.5°, 120°

C) 109.5°, 109.5°, 120°

D) 90°, 180°, 90°

E) 109.5°, 109.5°, 90°

13) The bond angle marked a in the following molecule is about __________.

A) 90°

B) 109.5°

C) 120°

D) 180°

E) 60°

14) The central iodine atom in the ICl4- ion has __________ nonbonded electron pairs and __________ bonded electron pairs in its valence shell.

A) 2, 2

B) 3, 4

C) 1, 3

D) 3, 2

E) 2, 4

15) The central iodine atom in IF5 has __________ unbonded electron pairs and __________ bonded electron pairs in its valence shell.

A) 1, 5

B) 0, 5

C) 5, 1

D) 4, 1

E) 1, 4

16) The central Xe atom in the XeF4 molecule has __________ unbonded electron pairs and __________ bonded electron pairs in its valence shell.

A) 1, 4

B) 2, 4

C) 4, 0

D) 4, 1

E) 4, 2

17) An electron domain consists of __________.

a) a nonbonding pair of electrons

b) a single bond

c) a multiple bond

A) a only

B) b only

C) c only

D) a, b, and c

E) b and c

18) The molecular geometry consists of __________.

a) a nonbonding pair of electrons

b) a single bond

c) a multiple bond

A) a only

B) b only

C) c only

D) a, b, and c

E) b and c

19) The electron-domain geometry and the molecular geometry of a molecule of the general formula ABn are __________.

A) never the same

B) always the same

C) sometimes the same

D) not related

E) mirror images of one another

20) The electron-domain geometry and the molecular geometry of a molecule of the general formula ABn will always be the same if __________.

A) there are no lone pairs on the central atom

B) there is more than one central atom

C) n is greater than four

D) n is less than four

E) the octet rule is obeyed

21) A molecule has the formula AB3 and the central atom is in a different plane from the surrounding three atoms. Its molecular shape is __________.

A) tetrahedral

B) trigonal pyramidal

C) linear

D) T-shaped

E) bent

22) PCl5 has __________ electron domains and a __________ molecular arrangement.

A) 6, trigonal bipyramidal

B) 6, tetrahedral

C) 5, square pyramidal

D) 5, trigonal bipyramidal

E) 6, seesaw

23) For molecules of the general formula ABn, n can be greater than four __________.

A) for any element A

B) only when A is an element from the third period or below the third period

C) only when A is boron or beryllium

D) only when A is carbon

E) only when A is Xe

Consider the following species when answering the following questions:

 

(i) PCl3 (ii) CCl4 (iii) TeCl4 (iv) XeF4 (v) SF6

24) For which of the molecules is the molecular geometry (shape) the same as the VSEPR electron domain arrangement (electron domain geometry)?

A) (i) and (ii)

B) (i) and (iii)

C) (ii) and (v)

D) (iv) and (v)

E) (v) only

25) Of the molecules below, only __________ is polar.

A) SbF5

B) AsH3

C) I2

D) SF6

E) CH4

26) Of the molecules below, only __________ is nonpolar.

A) CO2

B) H2O

C) NH3

D) HCl

E) TeCl2

27) Of the molecules below, only __________ is polar.

A) CCl4

B) CH4

C) SeF4

D) SiCl4

28) Of the molecules below, only __________ is nonpolar.

A) BF3

B) NF3

C) IF3

D) PBr3

E) BrCl3

29) Three monosulfur fluorides are observed: SF2, SF4, and SF6. Of these, __________ is/are polar.

A) SF2 only

B) SF2 and SF4 only

C) SF4 only

D) SF6 only

E) SF2, SF4, and SF6

30) The molecular geometry of the BeCl2 molecule is __________, and this molecule is __________.

A) linear, nonpolar

B) linear, polar

C) bent, nonpolar

D) bent, polar

E) trigonal planar, polar

31) The molecular geometry of the PF3 molecule is __________, and this molecule is __________.

A) trigonal planar, polar

B) trigonal planar, nonpolar

C) trigonal pyramidal, polar

D) trigonal pyramidal, nonpolar

E) tetrahedral, unipolar

32) Of the following molecules, only __________ is polar.

A) BeCl2

B) BF3

C) CBr4

D) SiH2Cl2

E) Cl2

33) Of the following molecules, only __________ is polar.

A) CCl4

B) BCl3

C) NCl3

D) BeCl2

E) Cl2

34) For molecules with only one central atom, how many lone pairs on the central atom guarantees molecular polarity?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 1 or 2

D) 3

E) 1 or 3

35) The molecular geometry of the CHF3 molecule is __________, and the molecule is __________.

A) trigonal pyramidal, polar

B) tetrahedral, nonpolar

C) seesaw, nonpolar

D) tetrahedral, polar

E) seesaw, polar

36) The molecular geometry of the BCl3 molecule is __________, and this molecule is __________.

A) trigonal pyramidal, polar

B) trigonal pyramidal, nonpolar

C) trigonal planar, polar

D) trigonal planar, nonpolar

E) trigonal bipyramidal, polar

37) The molecular geometry of the SF6 molecule is __________, and this molecule is __________.

A) trigonal pyramidal, polar

B) octahedral, nonpolar

C) trigonal planar, polar

D) trigonal planar, nonpolar

E) trigonal bipyramidal, polar

38) According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in HBr?

A) 1s on H and 4p on Br

B) 1s on H and 4s on Br

C) 1s on H and 3p on Br

D) 2s on H and 4p on Br

E) 2s on H and 3p on Br

Consider the following species when answering the following questions:

 

(i) PCl3 (ii) CCl4 (iii) TeCl4 (iv) XeF4 (v) SF6

39) Which of the molecules has a see-saw shape?

A) (i)

B) (ii)

C) (iii)

D) (iv)

E) (v)

40) In which of the molecules does the central atom utilize d orbitals to form hybrid orbitals?

A) (i) and (ii)

B) (iii) only

C) (i) and (v)

D) (iii), (iv), and (v)

E) (v) only

41) The combination of two atomic orbitals results in the formation of __________ molecular orbitals.

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

E) 0

42) The electron-domain geometry of a carbon-centered compound is tetrahedral. The hybridization of the central carbon atom is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

43) Of the following, only __________ has sp2 hybridization of the central atom.

A) PH3

B) CO32-

C) ICl3

D) l3-

E) PF5

44) Of the following, the central atom is sp3d2 hybridized only in __________.

A) PCl5

B) XeF4

C) PH3

D) Br3-

E) BeF2

45) The sp3d2 atomic hybrid orbital set accommodates __________ electron domains.

A) 2

B) 3

C) 4

D) 5

E) 6

46) The sp2 atomic hybrid orbital set accommodates __________ electron domains.

A) 2

B) 3

C) 4

D) 5

E) 6

47) The hybridizations of nitrogen in NF3 and NH3 are __________ and __________, respectively.

A) sp2, sp2

B) sp, sp3

C) sp3, sp

D) sp3, sp3

E) sp2, sp3

48) The hybridizations of iodine in IF3 and IF5 are __________ and __________, respectively.

A) sp3, sp3d

B) sp3d, sp3d2

C) sp3d, sp3

D) sp3d2, sp3d

E) sp3d2, sp3d2

49) The hybridizations of bromine in BrF5 and of arsenic in AsF5 are __________ and __________, respectively.

A) sp3, sp3d

B) sp3d, sp3d2

C) sp3d, sp3

D) sp3d2, sp3d

E) sp3d2, sp3d2

50) The hybrid orbitals used for bonding by the sulfur atom in the SF4 molecule are __________ orbitals.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

51) The hybrid orbitals used for bonding by Xe in the unstable XeF2 molecule are __________ orbitals.

A) sp2

B) sp3

C) sp3d

D) sp3d2

E) sp

52) The hybridization scheme for BeF2 is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

53) The hybridization of the oxygen atom labeled y in the structure below is __________. The C-O-H bond angle is __________.

A) sp, 180°

B) sp2, 109.5°

C) sp3, 109.5°

D) sp3d2, 90°

E) sp, 90°

54) The electron-domain geometry of the AsF5 molecule is trigonal bipyramidal. The hybrid orbitals used by the As atom for bonding are __________ orbitals.

A) sp2d2

B) sp3

C) sp3d2

D) sp3d

E) sp2

55) __________ hybrid orbitals are used for bonding by Xe in the XeF4 molecule.

A) sp2

B) sp3

C) sp3d

D) sp3d2

E) sp

Consider the following species when answering the following questions:

 

(i) PCl3 (ii) CCl4 (iii) TeCl4 (iv) XeF4 (v) SF6

56) In which of the molecules is the central atom sp3d2 hybridized?

A) (i) and (ii)

B) (iii) only

C) (iii) and (iv)

D) (iv) and (v)

E) (v) only

57) There are __________ unhybridized p atomic orbitals in an sp-hybridized carbon atom.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 4

58) There are __________ unhybridized p atomic orbitals in an sp2-hybridized carbon atom.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 4

59) When three atomic orbitals are mixed to form hybrid orbitals, how many hybrid orbitals are formed?

A) one

B) six

C) three

D) four

E) five

60) When four atomic orbitals are mixed to form hybrid orbitals, how many hybrid orbitals are formed?

A) one

B) six

C) three

D) four

E) five

61) The blending of one s atomic orbital and two p atomic orbitals produces __________.

A) three sp hybrid orbitals

B) two sp2 hybrid orbitals

C) three sp3 hybrid orbitals

D) two sp3 hybrid orbitals

E) three sp2 hybrid orbitals

62) A triatomic molecule cannot be linear if the hybridization of the central atoms is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp2 or sp3

E) sp2d or sp3d2

63) Valence bond theory does not address the issue of __________.

A) excited states of molecules

B) molecular shape

C) covalent bonding

D) hybridization

E) multiple bonds

64) A typical double bond __________.

A) is stronger and shorter than a single bond

B) consists of one σ bond and one π bond

C) imparts rigidity to a molecule

D) consists of two shared electron pairs

E) All of the above answers are correct.

65) A typical triple bond __________.

A) consists of one σ bond and two π bonds

B) consists of three shared electrons

C) consists of two σ bonds and one π bond

D) consists of six shared electron pairs

E) is longer than a single bond

66) In a polyatomic molecule, “localized” bonding electrons are associated with __________.

A) one particular atom

B) two particular atoms

C) all of the atoms in the molecule

D) all of the π bonds in the molecule

E) two or more σ bonds in the molecule

67) There are __________ σ bonds and __________ π bonds in H3C–CH2–CHCH–CH2–CCH.

A) 14, 2

B) 10, 3

C) 12, 2

D) 13, 2

E) 16, 3

68) Which of the following molecules or ions will exhibit delocalized bonding?

SO2 SO3 SO32-

A) SO2, SO3, and SO32-

B) SO32- only

C) SO2 and SO3

D) SO3 and SO32-

E) None of the above will exhibit delocalized bonding.

69) Which of the following molecules or ions will exhibit delocalized bonding?

NO2- NH4+ N3-

A) NH4+ and N3-

B) NO2- only

C) NO2-, NH4+, and N3-

D) N3- only

E) NO2- and N3-

70) In order to exhibit delocalized π bonding, a molecule must have __________.

A) at least two π bonds

B) at least two resonance structures

C) at least three σ bonds

D) at least four atoms

E) trigonal planar electron domain geometry

71) In a typical multiple bond, the σ bond results from overlap of __________ orbitals and the π bond(s) result from overlap of __________ orbitals.

A) hybrid, atomic

B) hybrid, hybrid

C) atomic, hybrid

D) hybrid, hybrid or atomic

E) hybrid or atomic, hybrid or atomic

72) The carbon-carbon σ bond in ethylene, H2CCH2, results from the overlap of __________.

A) sp hybrid orbitals

B) sp3 hybrid orbitals

C) sp2 hybrid orbitals

D) s atomic orbitals

E) p atomic orbitals

73) The π bond in ethylene, H2CCH2, results from the overlap of __________.

A) sp3 hybrid orbitals

B) s atomic orbitals

C) sp hybrid orbitals

D) sp2 hybrid orbitals

E) p atomic orbitals

74) A typical triple bond consists of __________.

A) three sigma bonds

B) three pi bonds

C) one sigma and two pi bonds

D) two sigma and one pi bond

E) three ionic bonds

75) A typical double bond consists of __________.

A) three sigma bonds

B) three pi bonds

C) one sigma and two pi bonds

D) one sigma and one pi bond

E) three ionic bonds

76) The N-N bond in HNNH consists of __________.

A) one σ bond and one π bond

B) one σ bond and two π bonds

C) two σ bonds and one π bond

D) two σ bonds and two π bonds

E) one σ bond and no π bonds

77) The hybridization of the terminal carbons in the H2CCCH2 molecule is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

78) The hybridization of nitrogen in the HCN: molecule is __________.

A) sp

B) s2p

C) s3p

D) sp2

E) sp3

79) The hybridization of carbon in the HCN: molecule is __________.

A) sp2

B) s2p

C) s3p

D) sp

E) sp3

80) The hybridization of the carbon atom labeled x in the molecule below is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

81) The hybridization of the oxygen atom labeled x in the structure below is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

82) The Lewis structure of carbon dioxide is given below. The hybridization of the carbon atom in carbon dioxide is __________.

A) sp3

B) sp2

C) sp

D) sp2d

E) sp2d2

83) Electrons in __________ bonds remain localized between two atoms. Electrons in __________ bonds can become delocalized between more than two atoms.

A) pi, sigma

B) sigma, pi

C) pi, pi

D) sigma, sigma

E) ionic, sigma

84) Structural changes around a double bond in the __________ portion of the rhodopsin molecule trigger the chemical reactions that result in vision.

A) protein

B) opsin

C) retinal

D) cones

E) rods

85) The bond order of any molecule containing equal numbers of bonding and antibonding electrons is __________.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 1/2

86) In comparing the same two atoms bonded together, the __________ the bond order, the __________ the bond length, and the __________ the bond energy.

A) greater, shorter, greater

B) greater, greater, greater

C) greater, longer, greater

D) smaller, longer, smaller

E) smaller, greater, greater

87) In comparing the same two atoms bonded together, the __________ the bond order, the __________ the bond length, and the __________ the bond energy.

A) greater, shorter, greater

B) greater, greater, greater

C) greater, longer, greater

D) greater, greater, smaller

E) smaller, greater, greater

88) In molecular orbital theory, the σ1s orbital is __________ and the σ1s* orbital is __________ in the H2 molecule.

A) filled, filled

B) filled, empty

C) filled, half-filled

D) half-filled, filled

E) empty, filled

89) Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond orders of the HH bonds in H2, H2+ and H2- are __________, respectively

A) 1, 0, and 0

B) 1, 1/2, and 0

C) 1, 0, and 1/2

D) 1, 1/2, and 1/2

E) 1, 2, and 0

90) Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond order of the HH bond in the H2+ ion is __________.

A) 0

B) 1/2

C) 1

D) 3/2

E) 2

91) An antibonding π orbital contains a maximum of __________ electrons.

A) 1

B) 2

C) 4

D) 6

E) 8

92) According to MO theory, overlap of two s atomic orbitals produces __________.

A) one bonding molecular orbital and one hybrid orbital

B) two bonding molecular orbitals

C) two bonding molecular orbitals and two antibonding molecular orbitals

D) two bonding molecular orbitals and one antibonding molecular orbital

E) one bonding molecular orbital and one antibonding molecular orbital

93) A molecular orbital can accommodate a maximum of __________ electron(s).

A) one

B) two

C) four

D) six

E) twelve

94) Molecular Orbital theory correctly predicts paramagnetism of oxygen gas, O2. This is because __________.

A) the bond order in O2 can be shown to be equal to 2.

B) there are more electrons in the bonding orbitals than in the antibonding orbitals.

C) the energy of the π2p MOs is higher than that of the σ2p MO

D) there are two unpaired electrons in the MO electron configuration of O2

E) the OO bond distance is relatively short

95) Molecular Orbital theory correctly predicts diamagnetism of fluorine gas, F2. This is because __________.

A) the bond order in F2 can be shown to be equal to 1.

B) there are more electrons in the bonding orbitals than in the antibonding orbitals.

C) all electrons in the MO electron configuration of F2 are paired.

D) the energy of the π2p MOs is higher than that of the σ2p MO

E) the FF bond enthalpy is very low

96) Based on molecular orbital theory, the only molecule in the list below that has unpaired electrons is __________.

A) C2

B) N2

C) F2

D) O2

E) Li2

97) Based on molecular orbital theory, there are __________ unpaired electrons in the OF+ ion.

A) 0

B) 3

C) 1

D) 2

E) 1/2

98) Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond order of the NN bond in the N2 molecule is __________.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 5

99) Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond order of the NN bond in the N22+ ion is __________.

A) 0

B) 3

C) 1

D) 2

E) 1/2

100) Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond order of the BeBe bond in the Be2 molecule is __________.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 4

101) Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond order of the CC bond in the C2 molecule is __________.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

E) 4

102) Of the following, only __________ appears to gain mass in a magnetic field.

A) C2

B) N2

C) F2

D) O2

E) Li2

103) Of the following, __________ appear(s) to gain mass in a magnetic field.

B2 N2 O2

A) O2 only

B) N2 only

C) B2 and N2

D) N2 and O2

E) B2 and O2

104) According to MO theory, overlap of two p atomic orbitals produces __________.

A) two bonding molecular orbitals

B) one bonding molecular orbital and one antibonding molecular orbital

C) two bonding molecular orbitals and two antibonding molecular orbitals

D) two bonding molecular orbitals and one antibonding molecular orbital

E) three bonding molecular orbitals and three antibonding molecular orbitals

105) According to MO theory, overlap of two p atomic orbitals produces __________.

A) one π MO and one σ* MO

B) one π MO and one σ MO

C) one π MO and one π* MO or one σ MO and one σ* MO

D) one π+ MO and one σ* MO

E) two π MOs, two π+ MOs, one σ MO, and one σ* MO

106) An antibonding MO __________ the corresponding bonding MO.

A) is always lower in energy than

B) can accommodate more electrons than

C) can accommodate fewer electrons than

D) is always higher in energy than

E) is always degenerate with

107) The more effectively two atomic orbitals overlap, __________.

A) the more bonding MOs will be produced by the combination

B) the higher will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the lower will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

C) the higher will be the energies of both bonding and antibonding MOs that result

D) the fewer antibonding MOs will be produced by the combination

E) the lower will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the higher will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

108) The bond order of a homonuclear diatomic molecule can be decreased by __________.

A) removing electrons from a bonding MO or adding electrons to an antibonding MO

B) adding electrons to a bonding MO or removing electrons from an antibonding MO

C) adding electrons to any MO

D) removing electrons from any MO

E) The bond order of a homonuclear diatomic molecule cannot be decreased by any means.

109) The order of MO energies in B2, C2, and N2 (σ2p > π2p), is different from the order in O2, F2, and Ne2 (σ2p > π2p). This is due to __________.

A) less effective overlap of p orbitals in O2, F2, and Ne2

B) the more metallic character of boron, carbon and nitrogen as compared to oxygen, fluorine, and neon

C) greater 2s-2p interaction in O2, F2, and Ne2

D) greater 2s-2p interaction in B2 C2, and N2

E) less effective overlap of p orbitals in B2, C2, and N2

9.2 Bimodal Questions

1) For a molecule with the formula AB2 the molecular shape is __________.

A) linear or bent

B) linear or trigonal planar

C) linear or T-shaped

D) T-shaped

E) trigonal planar

2) For a molecule with the formula AB3 the molecular shape is __________.

A) linear, octahedral, or bent

B) linear, bent, or trigonal planar

C) linear, bent, or T-shaped

D) tetrahedral

E) trigonal planar, trigonal pyramidal, or T-shaped

3) The molecular geometry of __________ is square planar.

A) CCl4

B) XeF4

C) PH3

D) XeF2

E) ICl3

4) The molecular geometry of the CS2 molecule is __________.

A) linear

B) bent

C) tetrahedral

D) trigonal planar

E) T-shaped

5) The molecular geometry of the SiH2Cl2 molecule is __________.

A) trigonal planar

B) tetrahedral

C) trigonal pyramidal

D) octahedral

E) T-shaped

6) The molecular geometry of the PHCl2 molecule is __________.

A) bent

B) trigonal planar

C) trigonal pyramidal

D) tetrahedral

E) T-shaped

7) The molecular geometry of the CHCl3 molecule is __________.

A) bent

B) trigonal planar

C) trigonal pyramidal

D) tetrahedral

E) T-shaped

8) The molecular geometry of the SF2 molecule is __________.

A) linear

B) bent

C) trigonal planar

D) tetrahedral

E) octahedral

9) The molecular geometry of the PF4+ ion is __________.

A) octahedral

B) tetrahedral

C) trigonal pyramidal

D) trigonal planar

E) trigonal bipyramidal

10) The F-B-F bond angle in the BF2- ion is approximately __________.

A) 90°

B) 109.5°

C) 120°

D) 180°

E) 60°

11) The Cl-Si-Cl bond angle in the SiCl2F2 molecule is approximately __________.

A) 90°

B) 109.5°

C) 120°

D) 180°

E) 60°

12) The F-B-F bond angle in the BF3 molecule is __________.

A) 90°

B) 109.5°

C) 120°

D) 180°

E) 60°

13) The O-S-O bond angle in SO2 is slightly less than __________.

A) 90°

B) 109.5°

C) 120°

D) 180°

E) 60°

14) The F-N-F bond angle in the NF3 molecule is slightly less than __________.

A) 90°

B) 109.5°

C) 120°

D) 180°

E) 60°

15) The molecular geometry of the H3O+ ion is __________.

A) linear

B) tetrahedral

C) bent

D) trigonal pyramidal

E) octahedral

16) The electron-domain geometry of a sulfur-centered compound is trigonal bipyramidal. The hybridization of the central sulfur atom is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

17) The hybridization of orbitals on the central atom in a molecule is sp. The electron-domain geometry around this central atom is __________.

A) octahedral

B) linear

C) trigonal planar

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) tetrahedral

18) The hybridization of orbitals on the central atom in a molecule is sp2. The electron-domain geometry about this central atom is __________.

A) octahedral

B) linear

C) trigonal planar

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) tetrahedral

19) The hybridization of the carbon atom in carbon dioxide is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

20) The hybridization of the central atom in the XeF4 molecule is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

21) The electron-domain geometry of the AsF6- ion is octahedral. The hybrid orbitals used by the As atom for bonding are __________ orbitals.

A) sp2d2

B) sp3

C) sp3d

D) sp3d2

E) sp2

22) In order to produce sp3 hybrid orbitals, __________ s atomic orbital(s) and __________ p atomic orbital(s) must be mixed.

A) one, two

B) one, three

C) one, one

D) two, two

E) two, three

23) In order to produce sp2 hybrid orbitals, __________ s atomic orbital(s) and __________ p atomic orbital(s) must be mixed.

A) one, two

B) one, three

C) one, one

D) two, two

E) two, three

24) The angles between sp2 orbitals are __________.

A) 45°

B) 180°

C) 90°

D) 109.5°

E) 120°

25) There are __________ σ and __________ π bonds in the HC≡CH molecule.

A) 3 and 2

B) 3 and 4

C) 4 and 3

D) 2 and 3

E) 5 and 0

26) There are __________ σ and __________ π bonds in the H2C=CH2 molecule.

A) 3 and 2

B) 3 and 4

C) 4 and 3

D) 2 and 3

E) 5 and 1

27) There are __________ σ and __________ π bonds in the H2CCCH2 molecule.

A) 4, 2

B) 6, 4

C) 2, 2

D) 2, 6

E) 6, 2

28) The total number of π bonds in the HC≡CC≡CC≡N molecule is __________.

A) 3

B) 4

C) 6

D) 9

E) 12

29) There is/are __________ σ bond(s) in the molecule below.

A) 1

B) 2

C) 12

D) 13

E) 18

30) There is/are __________ π bond(s) in the molecule below.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 4

E) 16

31) There is/are __________ π bond(s) in the molecule below.

A) 7

B) 6

C) 2

D) 1

E) 0

32) The Lewis structure of carbon monoxide is given below. The hybridizations of the carbon and oxygen atoms in carbon monoxide are __________ and __________, respectively.

: C ≡ O :

 

A) sp, sp3

B) sp2, sp3

C) sp3, sp2

D) sp, sp

E) sp2, sp2

9.3 Algorithmic Questions

1) According to VSEPR theory, if there are six electron domains in the valence shell of an atom, they will be arranged in a(n) __________ geometry.

A) linear

B) tetrahedral

C) trigonal planar

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) octahedral

2) The electron-domain geometry and molecular geometry of ammonia are __________ and __________, respectively.

A) octahedral, T-shaped

B) trigonal bipyramidal, T-shaped

C) tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal

D) octahedral, trigonal planar

E) T-shaped, trigonal planar

3) The electron-domain geometry and molecular geometry of boron trifluoride are __________ and __________, respectively.

A) octahedral, T-shaped

B) trigonal bipyramidal, T-shaped

C) tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal

D) trigonal planar, trigonal planar

E) T-shaped, trigonal planar

4) Using the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry of the central atom in BF3 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) octahedral

5) Using the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry of the central atom in SF2 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) octahedral

6) Using the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry of the central atom in SF4 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) octahedral

7) Using the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry of the central atom in BrF4- is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) octahedral

8) Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in XeF2 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) bent

E) trigonal pyramidal

9) Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in BF3 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) bent

E) trigonal pyramidal

10) Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in CF4 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) bent

E) trigonal pyramidal

11) Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in SO2 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) bent

E) trigonal pyramidal

12) Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in NCl3 is __________.

A) linear

B) trigonal planar

C) tetrahedral

D) bent

E) trigonal pyramidal

13) Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in XeF4 is __________.

A) tetrahedral

B) seesaw

C) square planar

D) trigonal bipyramidal

E) square pyramidal

14) The bond angles in a trigonal bipyramidal molecule are __________ degrees.

A) 120

B) 109.5

C) 180

D) 45

E) <45

15) According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in N2?

A) 1s

B) 1p

C) 2s

D) 2p

E) 3s

16) The hybrid orbital set used by the central atom in NO3- is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

17) The hybrid orbital set used by the central atom in NCl3 is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

18) The hybrid orbital set used by the central atom in KrF2 is __________.

A) sp

B) sp2

C) sp3

D) sp3d

E) sp3d2

9.4 Short Answer Questions

1) What is the molecular geometry of a molecule that has three bonding and two non-bonding domains?

2) In the valence shell of an atom there are six electron domains. They will be arranged in a (an) __________ geometry.

3) What are the three bond angles in the trigonal bipyramidal structure?

4) Three molecules have similar electron domains, but different molecular shapes. Why?

5) The 1s hydrogen orbital overlaps with the __________ iodine orbital in HI.

6) A covalent bond in which overlap regions lie above and below an internuclear axis is called a(n) __________.

7) The sensation of vision results from a nerve impulse that is triggered by the separation of retinal from __________.

8) In molecular orbital theory the stability of a covalent body is related to its __________.

9) Each molecular orbital can accommodate, at most, two electrons with their spins paired. This is called the __________.

10) The more unpaired electrons in a species, the stronger is the force of magnetic attraction. This is called __________.

9.5 True/False Questions

1) Possible shapes of AB3 molecules are linear, trigonal planar, and T-shaped.

2) Boron trifluoride has three bonding domains and its electron domain geometry is trigonal planar.

3) Electron domains for single bonds exert greater force on adjacent domains than the electron domains for multiple bonds.

4) The quantitative amount of charge separation in a diatomic molecule contributes to the dipole moment of that molecule.

5) XeF4 is a polar molecule.

6) Hybridization is the process of mixing atomic orbitals as atoms approach each other to form a bond.

7) Electrons in core orbitals contribute to atom bonding.

8) Nitrogen is colorless because the minimum energy to excite an electron is in the ultraviolet section of the spectrum.

Answer:

 

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